Out-of-bounds Read in Tier4 Nebula
CVE-2026-74238
TIER IV Nebula through 1.2.0 contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the Vlp32Decoder::unpack() function that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to cause the decoder to read past the end of a received UDP buffer into adjacent heap memory by sending a short UDP datagram. Attackers can send a malformed datagram to the Velodyne UDP sensor port, which lacks sender-address restrictions present in other drivers, causing fabricated points derived from heap memory contents to be silently published into downstream PointCloud2 messages consumed by Autoware nodes.
Vulnerability class: Buffer Overflow
Published · last modified .
CVSS v3 metric
CVSS v3 base score 7.5 (High). Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N.
EPSS exploit prediction
EPSS: 0.005 (39.4th percentile), scored .
Very low probability of exploitation in the next 30 days; routine patching cadence is appropriate. 39th percentile — 39.4% of CVEs in the catalogue have a lower EPSS than this one. How to read EPSS.
EPSS over last 30 days · oldest: 0.004 · newest: 0.005 · change: +0.001
Affected products
- Tier4 Nebula — versions 0
Weakness classification (CWE)
References
- github.com/tier4/nebula/issues/488 (issue-tracking)
- www.vulncheck.com/advisories/tier-iv-nebula-heap-out-of-bounds-read-via-vlp32-u… (third-party-advisory)
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2026-74238?
- CVE-2026-74238 is a high-severity vulnerability in Tier4 Nebula, classified under Out-of-bounds Read. CVSS score: 7.5/10. Published 2026-08-17.
- How severe is CVE-2026-74238?
- High severity. CVSS v3 base score is 7.5 out of 10.