Out-of-bounds Read in Exim

CVE-2026-40686

In Exim before 4.99.2, when utf8 operators are enabled, there is an out-of-bounds read if large UTF-8 trailing characters are present (malformed UTF-8 header data). Information might be divulged within an error message produced during handling of an unrelated e-mail message.

Vulnerability class: Buffer Overflow

Published · last modified .

CVSS v3 metric

CVSS v3 base score 3.7 (Low). Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N.

EPSS exploit prediction

EPSS: 0.004 (32.1th percentile), scored .

Very low probability of exploitation in the next 30 days; routine patching cadence is appropriate. 32nd percentile — 32.1% of CVEs in the catalogue have a lower EPSS than this one. How to read EPSS.

EPSS trend (30 days)EPSS over the last 30 days for CVE-2026-40686: held from 0.002 to 0.004.

EPSS over last 30 days · oldest: 0.002 · newest: 0.004 · change: +0.002

Affected products

Weakness classification (CWE)

References

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2026-40686?
CVE-2026-40686 is a low-severity vulnerability in Exim, classified under Out-of-bounds Read. CVSS score: 3.7/10. Published 2026-04-30.
How severe is CVE-2026-40686?
Low severity. CVSS v3 base score is 3.7 out of 10.