Out-of-bounds Read in Libpng

CVE-2026-33636

LIBPNG is a reference library for use in applications that read, create, and manipulate PNG (Portable Network Graphics) raster image files. In versions 1.6.36 through 1.6.55, an out-of-bounds read and write exists in libpng's ARM/AArch64 Neon-optimized palette expansion path. When expanding 8-bit paletted rows to RGB or RGBA, the Neon loop processes a final partial chunk without verifying that enough input pixels remain. Because the implementation works backward from the end of the row, the final iteration dereferences pointers before the start of the row buffer (OOB read) and writes expanded pixel data to the same underflowed positions (OOB write). This is reachable via normal decoding of attacker-controlled PNG input if Neon is enabled. Version 1.6.56 fixes the issue.

Vulnerability class: Buffer Overflow

Published · last modified .

CVSS v3 metric

CVSS v3 base score 7.6 (High). Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H.

EPSS exploit prediction

EPSS: 0.004 (27.6th percentile), scored .

Very low probability of exploitation in the next 30 days; routine patching cadence is appropriate. 28th percentile — 27.6% of CVEs in the catalogue have a lower EPSS than this one. How to read EPSS.

EPSS trend (30 days)EPSS over the last 30 days for CVE-2026-33636: held from 0.007 to 0.004.

EPSS over last 30 days · oldest: 0.007 · newest: 0.004 · change: -0.004

Affected products

Weakness classification (CWE)

References

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2026-33636?
CVE-2026-33636 is a high-severity vulnerability in Libpng, classified under Out-of-bounds Read. CVSS score: 7.6/10. Published 2026-03-26.
How severe is CVE-2026-33636?
High severity. CVSS v3 base score is 7.6 out of 10.