Vulnerability in Xen

CVE-2026-23554

The Intel EPT paging code uses an optimization to defer flushing of any cached EPT state until the p2m lock is dropped, so that multiple modifications done under the same locked region only issue a single flush. Freeing of paging structures however is not deferred until the flushing is done, and can result in freed pages transiently being present in cached state. Such stale entries can point to memory ranges not owned by the guest, thus allowing access to unintended memory regions.

Vulnerability class: TOCTOU (Time-of-Check to Time-of-Use)

EPSS: 0.001 (2.8th percentile) — read the EPSS interpretation.

CVSS v3 metric

CVSS v3 base score 7.8 (High). Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H.

Affected products

  • Xen — versions consult Xen advisory XSA-480

Weakness classification (CWE)

References

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2026-23554?
CVE-2026-23554 is a high-severity vulnerability in Xen, classified under Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition. CVSS score: 7.8/10. Published 2026-03-23.
How severe is CVE-2026-23554?
High severity. CVSS v3 base score is 7.8 out of 10.