Buffer overflow in TP-Link Systems Inc. Ax10 V1/v1.2/v2/v2.6/v3/v3.6

CVE-2025-9961

An authenticated attacker may remotely execute arbitrary code via the CWMP binary on the devices AX10 and AX1500.  The exploit can only be conducted via a Man-In-The-Middle (MITM) attack.  This issue affects AX10 V1/V1.2/V2/V2.6/V3/V3.6: before 1.2.1; AX1500 V1/V1.20/V1.26/V1.60/V1.80/V2.60/V3.6: before 1.3.11.

Vulnerability class: Buffer Overflow

Published · last modified .

EPSS exploit prediction

EPSS: 0.100 (95.5th percentile), scored .

Low probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, but still tracked. 95th percentile — 95.5% of CVEs in the catalogue have a lower EPSS than this one. How to read EPSS.

EPSS trend (30 days)EPSS over the last 30 days for CVE-2025-9961: held from 0.098 to 0.100.

EPSS over last 30 days · oldest: 0.098 · newest: 0.100 · change: +0.002

Affected products

Weakness classification (CWE)

Public proof-of-concept exploits

References

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2025-9961?
CVE-2025-9961 is a vulnerability in TP-Link Systems Inc. Ax10 V1/v1.2/v2/v2.6/v3/v3.6, classified under Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input (Classic Buffer Overflow). Published 2025-09-06.
Is CVE-2025-9961 known to be exploited?
5 public proof-of-concept repositories are indexed. Not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.