What is CVE-2025-9905?

CVE-2025-9905 is a high-severity vulnerability in Keras, classified under Improper Control of Dynamically-Managed Code Resources. CVSS score: 7.3/10. Published 2025-09-19.

How severe is CVE-2025-9905?

High severity. CVSS v3 base score is 7.3 out of 10.

Vulnerability in Keras

CVE-2025-9905

The Keras Model.load_model method can be exploited to achieve arbitrary code execution, even with safe_mode=True. One can create a specially crafted .h5/.hdf5 model archive that, when loaded via Model.load_model, will trigger arbitrary code to be executed. This is achieved by crafting a special .h5 archive file that uses the Lambda layer feature of keras which allows arbitrary Python code in the form of pickled code. The vulnerability comes from the fact that the safe_mode=True option is not honored when reading .h5 archives. Note that the .h5/.hdf5 format is a legacy format supported by Keras 3 for backwards compatibility.

EPSS: 0.002 (10.7th percentile) — read the EPSS interpretation.

CVSS v3 metric

CVSS v3 base score 7.3 (High). Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H.

Affected products

Keras
Keras-team Keras — versions 3.0.0

Weakness classification (CWE)

CWE-913 — Improper Control of Dynamically-Managed Code Resources

References

cve-coordination@google.com (Patch, patch, Issue Tracking)
cve-coordination@google.com (Exploit, Vendor Advisory)

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2025-9905?: CVE-2025-9905 is a high-severity vulnerability in Keras, classified under Improper Control of Dynamically-Managed Code Resources. CVSS score: 7.3/10. Published 2025-09-19.
How severe is CVE-2025-9905?: High severity. CVSS v3 base score is 7.3 out of 10.