Vulnerability in Netun Helpflash Iot
CVE-2025-65855
The OTA firmware update mechanism in Netun Solutions HelpFlash IoT (firmware v18_178_221102_ASCII_PRO_1R5_50) uses hard-coded WiFi credentials identical across all devices and does not authenticate update servers or validate firmware signatures. An attacker with brief physical access can activate OTA mode (8-second button press), create a malicious WiFi AP using the known credentials, and serve malicious firmware via unauthenticated HTTP to achieve arbitrary code execution on this safety-critical emergency signaling device.
Published · last modified .
CVSS v3 metric
CVSS v3 base score 6.6 (Medium). Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H.
EPSS exploit prediction
EPSS: 0.001 (0.9th percentile), scored .
Very low probability of exploitation in the next 30 days; routine patching cadence is appropriate. 1st percentile — 0.9% of CVEs in the catalogue have a lower EPSS than this one. How to read EPSS.
EPSS over last 30 days · oldest: 0.001 · newest: 0.001 · change: +0.000
Affected products
- Netun Helpflash Iot
- Netun Helpflash Iot Firmware — versions 18_178_221102_ascii_pro_1r5_50
Weakness classification (CWE)
Public proof-of-concept exploits
References
- docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/v4.3.2/ (Product)
- luismirandaacebedo.github.io/CVE-2025-65855/ (Third Party Advisory)
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2025-65855?
- CVE-2025-65855 is a medium-severity vulnerability in Netun Helpflash Iot, classified under Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information. CVSS score: 6.6/10. Published 2025-12-17.
- How severe is CVE-2025-65855?
- Medium severity. CVSS v3 base score is 6.6 out of 10.
- Is CVE-2025-65855 known to be exploited?
- 1 public proof-of-concept repositories are indexed. Not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.