RCE in Apache Brpc
CVE-2025-60021
Remote command injection vulnerability in heap profiler builtin service in Apache bRPC ((all versions < 1.15.0)) on all platforms allows attacker to inject remote command. Root Cause: The bRPC heap profiler built-in service (/pprof/heap) does not validate the user-provided extra_options parameter and executes it as a command-line argument. Attackers can execute remote commands using the extra_options parameter.. Affected scenarios: Use the built-in bRPC heap profiler service to perform jemalloc memory profiling. How to Fix: we provide two methods, you can choose one of them: 1. Upgrade bRPC to version 1.15.0. 2. Apply this patch ( https://github.com/apache/brpc/pull/3101 ) manually.
Vulnerability class: Command Injection (OS Command Injection)
Published · last modified .
CVSS v3 metric
CVSS v3 base score 9.8 (Critical). Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H.
EPSS exploit prediction
EPSS: 0.257 (97.9th percentile), scored .
Moderate probability of exploitation in the next 30 days — watch for active exploitation reports. 98th percentile — 97.9% of CVEs in the catalogue have a lower EPSS than this one. How to read EPSS.
EPSS over last 30 days · oldest: 0.248 · newest: 0.257 · change: +0.009
Affected products
- Apache Brpc
- Apache Software Foundation Brpc — versions 1.11.0
Weakness classification (CWE)
Public proof-of-concept exploits
References
- lists.apache.org/thread/xy51d2fx6drzhfp92xptsx5845q7b37m (vendor-advisory, Mailing List, Vendor Advisory)
- af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108 (Mailing List, Third Party Advisory)
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2025-60021?
- CVE-2025-60021 is a critical-severity vulnerability in Apache Brpc, classified under Command Injection. CVSS score: 9.8/10. Published 2026-01-16.
- How severe is CVE-2025-60021?
- Critical severity. CVSS v3 base score is 9.8 out of 10.
- Is CVE-2025-60021 known to be exploited?
- 1 public proof-of-concept repositories are indexed. Not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.