Auth bypass in Formbricks

CVE-2025-59934

Formbricks is an open source qualtrics alternative. Prior to version 4.0.1, Formbricks is missing JWT signature verification. This vulnerability stems from a token validation routine that only decodes JWTs (jwt.decode) without verifying their signatures. Both the email verification token login path and the password reset server action use the same validator, which does not check the token’s signature, expiration, issuer, or audience. If an attacker learns the victim’s actual user.id, they can craft an arbitrary JWT with an alg: "none" header and use it to authenticate and reset the victim’s password. This issue has been patched in version 4.0.1.

Vulnerability class: Broken Authentication

EPSS: 0.080 (94.2th percentile) — read the EPSS interpretation.

CVSS v3 metric

CVSS v3 base score 9.4 (Critical). Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L.

Affected products

Weakness classification (CWE)

Public proof-of-concept exploits

References

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2025-59934?
CVE-2025-59934 is a critical-severity vulnerability in Formbricks, classified under Improper Authentication. CVSS score: 9.4/10. Published 2025-09-26.
How severe is CVE-2025-59934?
Critical severity. CVSS v3 base score is 9.4 out of 10.
Is CVE-2025-59934 known to be exploited?
3 public proof-of-concept repositories are indexed. Not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.