Vulnerability in Http4s

CVE-2025-59822

Http4s is a Scala interface for HTTP services. In versions from 1.0.0-M1 to before 1.0.0-M45 and before 0.23.31, http4s is vulnerable to HTTP Request Smuggling due to improper handling of HTTP trailer section. This vulnerability could enable attackers to bypass front-end servers security controls, launch targeted attacks against active users, and poison web caches. A pre-requisite for exploitation involves the web application being deployed behind a reverse-proxy that forwards trailer headers. This issue has been patched in versions 1.0.0-M45 and 0.23.31.

Vulnerability class: HTTP Request Smuggling

EPSS: 0.003 (27.2th percentile) — read the EPSS interpretation.

CVSS v3 metric

CVSS v3 base score 7.5 (High). Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N.

Affected products

Weakness classification (CWE)

Public proof-of-concept exploits

References

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2025-59822?
CVE-2025-59822 is a high-severity vulnerability in Http4s, classified under Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests (HTTP Request/Response Smuggling). CVSS score: 7.5/10. Published 2025-09-23.
How severe is CVE-2025-59822?
High severity. CVSS v3 base score is 7.5 out of 10.
Is CVE-2025-59822 known to be exploited?
1 public proof-of-concept repositories are indexed. Not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.