Vulnerability in Consensys Gnark
CVE-2025-57801
gnark is a zero-knowledge proof system framework. In versions prior to 0.14.0, the Verify function in eddsa.go and ecdsa.go used the S value from a signature without asserting that 0 ≤ S < order, leading to a signature malleability vulnerability. Because gnark’s native EdDSA and ECDSA circuits lack essential constraints, multiple distinct witnesses can satisfy the same public inputs. In protocols where nullifiers or anti-replay checks are derived from R and S, this enables signature malleability and may allow double spending. This issue has been addressed in version 0.14.0.
Published · last modified .
CVSS v3 metric
CVSS v3 base score 9.1 (Critical). Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H.
EPSS exploit prediction
EPSS: 0.002 (10.4th percentile), scored .
Very low probability of exploitation in the next 30 days; routine patching cadence is appropriate. 10th percentile — 10.4% of CVEs in the catalogue have a lower EPSS than this one. How to read EPSS.
EPSS over last 30 days · oldest: 0.002 · newest: 0.002 · change: 0.000
Affected products
- Consensys Gnark — versions < 0.14.0
Weakness classification (CWE)
Public proof-of-concept exploits
References
- github.com/Consensys/gnark/security/advisories/GHSA-95v9-hv42-pwrj (Exploit, Vendor Advisory)
- github.com/Consensys/gnark/commit/0ba6730f05537a351517998add89a61a0d82716e (Patch)
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2025-57801?
- CVE-2025-57801 is a critical-severity vulnerability in Consensys Gnark, classified under Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature. CVSS score: 9.1/10. Published 2025-08-22.
- How severe is CVE-2025-57801?
- Critical severity. CVSS v3 base score is 9.1 out of 10.
- Is CVE-2025-57801 known to be exploited?
- 1 public proof-of-concept repositories are indexed. Not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.