Vulnerability in Openbao
CVE-2025-54999
OpenBao exists to provide a software solution to manage, store, and distribute sensitive data including secrets, certificates, and keys. In versions 0.1.0 through 2.3.1, when using OpenBao's userpass auth method, user enumeration was possible due to timing difference between non-existent users and users with stored credentials. This is independent of whether the supplied credentials were valid for the given user. This issue was fixed in version 2.3.2. To work around this issue, users may use another auth method or apply rate limiting quotas to limit the number of requests in a period of time: https://openbao.org/api-docs/system/rate-limit-quotas/.
Published · last modified .
CVSS v3 metric
CVSS v3 base score 3.7 (Low). Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N.
EPSS exploit prediction
EPSS: 0.002 (8.0th percentile), scored .
Very low probability of exploitation in the next 30 days; routine patching cadence is appropriate. 8th percentile — 8.0% of CVEs in the catalogue have a lower EPSS than this one. How to read EPSS.
EPSS over last 30 days · oldest: 0.002 · newest: 0.002 · change: 0.000
Affected products
- Openbao — versions >= 0.1.0, < 2.3.2
Weakness classification (CWE)
References
- github.com/openbao/openbao/security/advisories/GHSA-hh28-h22f-8357 (Vendor Advisory)
- github.com/openbao/openbao/commit/4d9b5d3d6486ab9fbd5b644173fa0097015d6626 (Patch)
- discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-15-timing-side-channel-in-vault-s-userpass-a… (Not Applicable)
- discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-21-vault-user-enumeration-in-userpass-auth-m… (Not Applicable)
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2025-54999?
- CVE-2025-54999 is a low-severity vulnerability in Openbao, classified under Observable Discrepancy. CVSS score: 3.7/10. Published 2025-08-09.
- How severe is CVE-2025-54999?
- Low severity. CVSS v3 base score is 3.7 out of 10.