RCE in 1panel-Dev Maxkb

CVE-2025-53927

MaxKB is an open-source AI assistant for enterprise. Prior to version 2.0.0, the sandbox design rules can be bypassed because MaxKB only restricts the execution permissions of files in a specific directory. Therefore, an attacker can use the `shutil.copy2` method in Python to copy the command they want to execute to the executable directory. This bypasses directory restrictions and reverse shell. Version 2.0.0 fixes the issue.

Vulnerability class: RCE (Remote Code Execution)

Published · last modified .

CVSS v3 metric

CVSS v3 base score 4.6 (Medium). Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L.

EPSS exploit prediction

EPSS: 0.002 (12.6th percentile), scored .

Very low probability of exploitation in the next 30 days; routine patching cadence is appropriate. 13th percentile — 12.6% of CVEs in the catalogue have a lower EPSS than this one. How to read EPSS.

EPSS trend (30 days)EPSS over the last 30 days for CVE-2025-53927: held from 0.002 to 0.002.

EPSS over last 30 days · oldest: 0.002 · newest: 0.002 · change: 0.000

Affected products

Weakness classification (CWE)

References

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2025-53927?
CVE-2025-53927 is a medium-severity vulnerability in 1panel-Dev Maxkb, classified under Code Injection. CVSS score: 4.6/10. Published 2025-07-17.
How severe is CVE-2025-53927?
Medium severity. CVSS v3 base score is 4.6 out of 10.