Use After Free in Freedesktop Poppler
CVE-2025-52886
Poppler is a PDF rendering library. Versions prior to 25.06.0 use `std::atomic_int` for reference counting. Because `std::atomic_int` is only 32 bits, it is possible to overflow the reference count and trigger a use-after-free. Version 25.06.0 patches the issue.
Vulnerability class: Use-After-Free
Published · last modified .
CVSS v3 metric
CVSS v3 base score 5.9 (Medium). Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H.
EPSS exploit prediction
EPSS: 0.004 (33.4th percentile), scored .
Very low probability of exploitation in the next 30 days; routine patching cadence is appropriate. 33rd percentile — 33.4% of CVEs in the catalogue have a lower EPSS than this one. How to read EPSS.
EPSS over last 30 days · oldest: 0.004 · newest: 0.004 · change: +0.000
Affected products
- Freedesktop Poppler
- Poppler — versions < 25.06.0
Weakness classification (CWE)
Public proof-of-concept exploits
References
- securitylab.github.com/advisories/GHSL-2025-054_poppler/ (Exploit, Third Party Advisory)
- gitlab.freedesktop.org/poppler/poppler/-/commit/04bd91684ed41d67ae0f10cde0660e4… (Patch)
- gitlab.freedesktop.org/poppler/poppler/-/commit/ac36affcc8486de38e8905a8d6547a3… (Patch)
- gitlab.freedesktop.org/poppler/poppler/-/issues/1581 (Exploit, Issue Tracking, Vendor Advisory)
- gitlab.freedesktop.org/poppler/poppler/-/merge_requests/1828 (Product)
- af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
- af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2025-52886?
- CVE-2025-52886 is a medium-severity vulnerability in Freedesktop Poppler, classified under Use After Free. CVSS score: 5.9/10. Published 2025-07-02.
- How severe is CVE-2025-52886?
- Medium severity. CVSS v3 base score is 5.9 out of 10.
- Is CVE-2025-52886 known to be exploited?
- 1 public proof-of-concept repositories are indexed. Not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.