Privilege escalation in N/a

CVE-2025-45311

Insecure permissions in fail2ban-client v0.11.2 allows attackers with limited sudo privileges to perform arbitrary operations as root. NOTE: this is disputed by multiple parties because the action for a triggered rule can legitimately be an arbitrary operation as root. Thus, the software is behaving in accordance with its intended privilege model.

Published · last modified .

CVSS v3 metric

CVSS v3 base score 8.8 (High). Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H.

EPSS exploit prediction

EPSS: 0.004 (28.3th percentile), scored .

Very low probability of exploitation in the next 30 days; routine patching cadence is appropriate. 28th percentile — 28.3% of CVEs in the catalogue have a lower EPSS than this one. How to read EPSS.

EPSS trend (30 days)EPSS over the last 30 days for CVE-2025-45311: held from 0.004 to 0.004.

EPSS over last 30 days · oldest: 0.004 · newest: 0.004 · change: 0.000

Weakness classification (CWE)

References

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2025-45311?
CVE-2025-45311 is a high-severity vulnerability in N/a, classified under Incorrect Privilege Assignment. CVSS score: 8.8/10. Published 2025-11-26.
How severe is CVE-2025-45311?
High severity. CVSS v3 base score is 8.8 out of 10.