RCE in GitHub Enterprise Server
CVE-2025-3509
A Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability was identified in GitHub Enterprise Server that allowed attackers to execute arbitrary code by exploiting the pre-receive hook functionality, potentially leading to privilege escalation and system compromise. The vulnerability involves using dynamically allocated ports that become temporarily available, such as during a hot patch upgrade. This means the vulnerability is only exploitable during specific operational conditions, which limits the attack window. Exploitation required either site administrator permissions to enable and configure pre-receive hooks or a user with permissions to modify repositories containing pre-receive hooks where this functionality was already enabled. This vulnerability affected all versions of GitHub Enterprise Server prior to 3.18 and was fixed in versions 3.17.1, 3.16.4, 3.15.8, 3.14.13, 3.13.16. This vulnerability was reported via the GitHub Bug Bounty program.
Vulnerability class: RCE (Remote Code Execution)
Published · last modified .
CVSS v3 metric
CVSS v3 base score 7.2 (High). Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H.
EPSS exploit prediction
EPSS: 0.013 (69.1th percentile), scored .
Low probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, but still tracked. 69th percentile — 69.1% of CVEs in the catalogue have a lower EPSS than this one. How to read EPSS.
EPSS over last 30 days · oldest: 0.012 · newest: 0.013 · change: +0.000
Affected products
- GitHub Enterprise Server — versions 3.13.0, 3.14.0, 3.15.0
- GitHub Enterprise Server
Weakness classification (CWE)
Public proof-of-concept exploits
References
- docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.13/admin/release-notes (release-notes, Release Notes)
- docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.14/admin/release-notes (release-notes, Release Notes)
- docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.15/admin/release-notes (release-notes, Release Notes)
- docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.16/admin/release-notes (release-notes, Release Notes)
- docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.17/admin/release-notes (release-notes, Release Notes)
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2025-3509?
- CVE-2025-3509 is a high-severity vulnerability in GitHub Enterprise Server, classified under Code Injection. CVSS score: 7.2/10. Published 2025-04-17.
- How severe is CVE-2025-3509?
- High severity. CVSS v3 base score is 7.2 out of 10.
- Is CVE-2025-3509 known to be exploited?
- 1 public proof-of-concept repositories are indexed. Not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.