Buffer overflow in Nasa Cryptolib
CVE-2025-30356
CryptoLib provides a software-only solution using the CCSDS Space Data Link Security Protocol - Extended Procedures (SDLS-EP) to secure communications between a spacecraft running the core Flight System (cFS) and a ground station. In 1.3.3 and earlier, a heap buffer overflow vulnerability persists in the Crypto_TC_ApplySecurity function due to an incomplete validation check on the fl (frame length) field. Although CVE-2025-29912 addressed an underflow issue involving fl, the patch fails to fully prevent unsafe calculations. As a result, an attacker can still craft malicious frames that cause a negative tf_payload_len, which is then interpreted as a large unsigned value, leading to a heap buffer overflow in a memcpy call.
Published · last modified .
CVSS v3 metric
CVSS v3 base score 9.8 (Critical). Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H.
EPSS exploit prediction
EPSS: 0.006 (48.9th percentile), scored .
Very low probability of exploitation in the next 30 days; routine patching cadence is appropriate. 49th percentile — 48.9% of CVEs in the catalogue have a lower EPSS than this one. How to read EPSS.
EPSS over last 30 days · oldest: 0.006 · newest: 0.006 · change: 0.000
Affected products
- Nasa Cryptolib — versions <= 1.3.3
Weakness classification (CWE)
Public proof-of-concept exploits
References
- github.com/nasa/CryptoLib/security/advisories/GHSA-6w2x-w7w3-85w2 (Exploit, Vendor Advisory)
- github.com/nasa/CryptoLib/commit/59d1bce7608c94c6131ef4877535075b0649799c (Patch)
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2025-30356?
- CVE-2025-30356 is a critical-severity vulnerability in Nasa Cryptolib, classified under Integer Underflow. CVSS score: 9.8/10. Published 2025-04-01.
- How severe is CVE-2025-30356?
- Critical severity. CVSS v3 base score is 9.8 out of 10.
- Is CVE-2025-30356 known to be exploited?
- 1 public proof-of-concept repositories are indexed. Not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.