Auth bypass in F5 Nginx

CVE-2025-23419

When multiple server blocks are configured to share the same IP address and port, an attacker can use session resumption to bypass client certificate authentication requirements on these servers. This vulnerability arises when TLS Session Tickets https://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_ssl_module.html#ssl_session_ticket_key are used and/or the SSL session cache https://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_ssl_module.html#ssl_session_cache are used in the default server and the default server is performing client certificate authentication.   Note: Software versions which have reached End of Technical Support (EoTS) are not evaluated.

Vulnerability class: Broken Access Control

EPSS: 0.011 (62.0th percentile) — read the EPSS interpretation.

CVSS v3 metric

CVSS v3 base score 4.3 (Medium). Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N.

Affected products

Weakness classification (CWE)

Public proof-of-concept exploits

References

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2025-23419?
CVE-2025-23419 is a medium-severity vulnerability in F5 Nginx, classified under Incorrect Authorization. CVSS score: 4.3/10. Published 2025-02-05.
How severe is CVE-2025-23419?
Medium severity. CVSS v3 base score is 4.3 out of 10.
Is CVE-2025-23419 known to be exploited?
4 public proof-of-concept repositories are indexed. Not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.