What is CVE-2025-23042?

CVE-2025-23042 is a high-severity vulnerability in Gradio-App Gradio, classified under Improper Authorization. CVSS score: 7.5/10. Published 2025-01-14.

How severe is CVE-2025-23042?

High severity. CVSS v3 base score is 7.5 out of 10.

Is CVE-2025-23042 known to be exploited?

3 public proof-of-concept repositories are indexed. Not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

Auth bypass in Gradio-App Gradio

CVE-2025-23042

Gradio is an open-source Python package that allows quick building of demos and web application for machine learning models, API, or any arbitrary Python function. Gradio's Access Control List (ACL) for file paths can be bypassed by altering the letter case of a blocked file or directory path. This vulnerability arises due to the lack of case normalization in the file path validation logic. On case-insensitive file systems, such as those used by Windows and macOS, this flaw enables attackers to circumvent security restrictions and access sensitive files that should be protected. This issue can lead to unauthorized data access, exposing sensitive information and undermining the integrity of Gradio's security model. Given Gradio's popularity for building web applications, particularly in machine learning and AI, this vulnerability may pose a substantial threat if exploited in production environments. This issue has been addressed in release version 5.6.0. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.

Published 2025-01-14 · last modified 2026-06-17.

CVSS v3 metric

CVSS v3 base score 7.5 (High). Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N.

EPSS exploit prediction

EPSS: 0.010 (60.8th percentile), scored 2026-09-29.

Very low probability of exploitation in the next 30 days; routine patching cadence is appropriate. 61st percentile — 60.8% of CVEs in the catalogue have a lower EPSS than this one. How to read EPSS.

EPSS over last 30 days · oldest: 0.009 · newest: 0.010 · change: +0.001

Affected products

Gradio-App Gradio — versions < 5.6.0
Gradio Project

Weakness classification (CWE)

CWE-285 — Improper Authorization

Public proof-of-concept exploits

References

github.com/gradio-app/gradio/security/advisories/GHSA-j2jg-fq62-7c3h (Exploit, Third Party Advisory, Mitigation)

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2025-23042?: CVE-2025-23042 is a high-severity vulnerability in Gradio-App Gradio, classified under Improper Authorization. CVSS score: 7.5/10. Published 2025-01-14.
How severe is CVE-2025-23042?: High severity. CVSS v3 base score is 7.5 out of 10.
Is CVE-2025-23042 known to be exploited?: 3 public proof-of-concept repositories are indexed. Not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.