Auth bypass in Oracle MySQL Server
CVE-2025-21540
Vulnerability in the MySQL Server product of Oracle MySQL (component: Server: Security: Privileges). Supported versions that are affected are 8.0.40 and prior, 8.4.3 and prior and 9.1.0 and prior. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise MySQL Server. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of MySQL Server accessible data as well as unauthorized read access to a subset of MySQL Server accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 5.4 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N).
Vulnerability class: Broken Access Control
EPSS: 0.005 (39.6th percentile) — read the EPSS interpretation.
CVSS v3 metric
CVSS v3 base score 5.4 (Medium). Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N.
Affected products
Weakness classification (CWE)
Public proof-of-concept exploits
References
- secalert_us@oracle.com (vendor-advisory, Vendor Advisory)
- af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2025-21540?
- CVE-2025-21540 is a medium-severity vulnerability in Oracle MySQL Server, classified under Incorrect Authorization. CVSS score: 5.4/10. Published 2025-01-21.
- How severe is CVE-2025-21540?
- Medium severity. CVSS v3 base score is 5.4 out of 10.
- Is CVE-2025-21540 known to be exploited?
- 1 public proof-of-concept repositories are indexed. Not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.