Integer overflow in Ashlar Cobalt
CVE-2025-2021
Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt XE File Parsing Integer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of XE files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in an integer overflow before writing to memory. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-25264.
Vulnerability class: Integer Overflow
Published · last modified .
CVSS v3 metric
CVSS v3 base score 7.8 (High). Vector: CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H.
EPSS exploit prediction
EPSS: 0.003 (17.0th percentile), scored .
Very low probability of exploitation in the next 30 days; routine patching cadence is appropriate. 17th percentile — 17.0% of CVEs in the catalogue have a lower EPSS than this one. How to read EPSS.
EPSS over last 30 days · oldest: 0.003 · newest: 0.003 · change: 0.000
Affected products
- Ashlar Cobalt — versions 12.0.1204.91
- Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt — versions 1204.91
Weakness classification (CWE)
Public proof-of-concept exploits
References
- www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-25-125/ (x_research-advisory, Third Party Advisory)
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2025-2021?
- CVE-2025-2021 is a high-severity vulnerability in Ashlar Cobalt, classified under Integer Overflow or Wraparound. CVSS score: 7.8/10. Published 2025-03-11.
- How severe is CVE-2025-2021?
- High severity. CVSS v3 base score is 7.8 out of 10.
- Is CVE-2025-2021 known to be exploited?
- 1 public proof-of-concept repositories are indexed. Not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.