Vulnerability in Pebbletemplates Pebble

CVE-2025-1686

Versions of the package io.pebbletemplates:pebble from 0 and before 4.1.0 are vulnerable to External Control of File Name or Path via the include tag. A high privileged attacker can access sensitive local files by crafting malicious notification templates that leverage this tag to include files like /etc/passwd or /proc/1/environ. Workaround This vulnerability can be mitigated by disabling the include macro in Pebble Templates: java new PebbleEngine.Builder() .registerExtensionCustomizer(new DisallowExtensionCustomizerBuilder() .disallowedTokenParserTags(List.of("include")) .build()) .build();

EPSS: 0.008 (53.4th percentile) — read the EPSS interpretation.

CVSS v3 metric

CVSS v3 base score 6.8 (Medium). Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N.

Affected products

Weakness classification (CWE)

References

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2025-1686?
CVE-2025-1686 is a medium-severity vulnerability in Pebbletemplates Pebble, classified under External Control of File Name or Path. CVSS score: 6.8/10. Published 2025-02-27.
How severe is CVE-2025-1686?
Medium severity. CVSS v3 base score is 6.8 out of 10.