Resource exhaustion in Colinhacks Zod
CVE-2023-54404
Zod schema-validation library through 4.6.5 contains an uncontrolled resource consumption vulnerability that allows attackers to exhaust memory by submitting a large array to an application using an array schema without a length constraint. Attackers can exploit the handleArrayResult parse logic in $ZodArray, which accumulates every validation issue for each failing element with no cap or early termination, causing the process to allocate excessive issue objects and crash due to out-of-memory conditions.
Published .
CVSS v3 metric
CVSS v3 base score 7.5 (High). Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H.
EPSS exploit prediction
No EPSS score from FIRST.org yet. New CVEs usually get one within a few days; no score means no signal yet, not low risk. How EPSS works.
Affected products
Weakness classification (CWE)
References
- github.com/colinhacks/zod/issues/1872 (technical-description)
- github.com/colinhacks/zod/pull/6475 (issue-tracking)
- www.vulncheck.com/advisories/zod-uncontrolled-resource-consumption-via-array-va… (third-party-advisory)
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2023-54404?
- CVE-2023-54404 is a high-severity vulnerability in Colinhacks Zod, classified under Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling. CVSS score: 7.5/10. Published 2026-10-01.
- How severe is CVE-2023-54404?
- High severity. CVSS v3 base score is 7.5 out of 10.