Resource exhaustion in Puma
CVE-2021-29509
Puma is a concurrent HTTP 1.1 server for Ruby/Rack applications. The fix for CVE-2019-16770 was incomplete. The original fix only protected existing connections that had already been accepted from having their requests starved by greedy persistent-connections saturating all threads in the same process. However, new connections may still be starved by greedy persistent-connections saturating all threads in all processes in the cluster. A `puma` server which received more concurrent `keep-alive` connections than the server had threads in its threadpool would service only a subset of connections, denying service to the unserved connections. This problem has been fixed in `puma` 4.3.8 and 5.3.1. Setting `queue_requests false` also fixes the issue. This is not advised when using `puma` without a reverse proxy, such as `nginx` or `apache`, because you will open yourself to slow client attacks (e.g. slowloris). The fix is very small and a git patch is available for those using unsupported versions of Puma.
Vulnerability class: DoS (Denial of Service)
Published · last modified .
CVSS v3 metric
CVSS v3 base score 7.5 (High). Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H.
EPSS exploit prediction
EPSS: 0.016 (74.8th percentile), scored .
Low probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, but still tracked. 75th percentile — 74.8% of CVEs in the catalogue have a lower EPSS than this one. How to read EPSS.
EPSS over last 30 days · oldest: 0.016 · newest: 0.016 · change: 0.000
Affected products
- Puma — versions < 4.3.8, >= 5.0.0, < 5.3.1
- Debian Linux — versions 10.0
Weakness classification (CWE)
References
- github.com/puma/puma/security/advisories/GHSA-q28m-8xjw-8vr5 (Patch, Third Party Advisory)
- gist.github.com/nateberkopec/4b3ea5676c0d70cbb37c82d54be25837 (Patch, Third Party Advisory)
- github.com/puma/puma/security/policy (Third Party Advisory)
- rubygems.org/gems/puma (Product, Third Party Advisory)
- security.gentoo.org/glsa/202208-28 (vendor-advisory, Third Party Advisory)
- lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/08/msg00015.html (mailing-list, Mailing List, Third Party Advisory)
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2021-29509?
- CVE-2021-29509 is a high-severity vulnerability in Puma, classified under Uncontrolled Resource Consumption. CVSS score: 7.5/10. Published 2021-05-11.
- How severe is CVE-2021-29509?
- High severity. CVSS v3 base score is 7.5 out of 10.