RCE in Xdebug
CVE-2015-10141
An unauthenticated OS command injection vulnerability exists within Xdebug versions 2.5.5 and earlier, a PHP debugging extension developed by Derick Rethans. When remote debugging is enabled, Xdebug listens on port 9000 and accepts debugger protocol commands without authentication. An attacker can send a crafted eval command over this interface to execute arbitrary PHP code, which may invoke system-level functions such as system() or passthru(). This results in full compromise of the host under the privileges of the web server user.
Vulnerability class: Command Injection (OS Command Injection)
EPSS: 0.050 (91.4th percentile) — read the EPSS interpretation.
Affected products
- Xdebug — versions 0
Weakness classification (CWE)
Public proof-of-concept exploits
References
- disclosure@vulncheck.com (product)
- disclosure@vulncheck.com (technical-description)
- disclosure@vulncheck.com (technical-description)
- disclosure@vulncheck.com (exploit)
- disclosure@vulncheck.com (third-party-advisory)
- disclosure@vulncheck.com (third-party-advisory)
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2015-10141?
- CVE-2015-10141 is a vulnerability in Xdebug, classified under OS Command Injection. Published 2025-07-23.
- Is CVE-2015-10141 known to be exploited?
- 8 public proof-of-concept repositories are indexed. Not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.